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Protease inhibitors (PIs) are a class of antiviral drugs that are widely used to treat HIV/AIDS and hepatitis caused by hepatitis C virus. Protease inhibitors prevent viral replication by selectively binding to viral proteases (e.g. HIV-1 protease) and blocking proteolytic cleavage of protein precursors that are necessary for the production of infectious viral particles. Protease inhibitors have been developed or are presently undergoing testing for treating various viruses: * HIV/AIDS: antiretroviral protease inhibitors (saquinavir, ritonavir, indinavir, nelfinavir, amprenavir〔Rang, H. P., Dale, M. M., Ritter, J. M., & Flower, R. J. (2007). Rang and Dale's Pharmacology (6th Edition ed.). Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier.〕 etc.) * Hepatitis C: boceprevir, telaprevir , simeprevir Given the specificity of the target of these drugs there is the risk, as in antibiotics, of the development of drug-resistant mutated viruses. To reduce this risk it is common to use several different drugs together that are each aimed at different targets. ==Antiretrovirals== Protease inhibitors were the second class of antiretroviral drugs developed. The first members of this class, saquinavir (Hoffman-La Roche) and ritonavir (Abbott), were approved in late 1995-1996. Within 2 years, annual deaths from AIDS in the United States fell from over 50,000 to approximately 18,000 Prior to this the annual death rate had been increasing by approximately 20% each year. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Protease inhibitor (pharmacology)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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